Optic fibre connector: Not merely suitable for the transmission of high speed
The range of application of the circuit of optic fibre is not only limited to the extremely remote data transmission of high speed at present. The standard optic fibre connector is expanding his range of application gradually, to the apparatus, from the external environment of the petrochemical plant to the inside of the atomic reactor, all of us can find the application of the optic fibre connector. The purpose herein is to want to be offered some knowledge to the engineers who just entered the optic fibre connector field, help them to know the basic type of the connector and install the style, the content that this text recommends can offer the connector performance and reference of the price to reader.
Just as any type of electric wire harness connector, the optic fibre connector is the physical interface between the circuit of relying on the optical cable to join each other in fact. In this kind of occasion, the so-called circuit is obviously an optical route in fact, but not the electric route. The optical route, like electric circuit, its performance depends on the performance of the cable to a great extent. Likewise, the connector must be tried hard to reduce because of connecting circuit performance losses caused, if the connector can also protect the environment and stand numerous connections and dismantle at the same time.
Install optic fibre connector at optical cable have a variety of, actual size of them connector little than traditional electric wire. Different kinds of optic fibres connectors are suitable for the optical cable of different types, the optic fibre that they can hold is different in density, performance price even until (see Table 1) .
Every optic fibre connector has three key components: 1)Regulate the medley band; 2)Connect the mechanical device; 3)Prevent protection set that the optic fibre excessively twists. The function that these three parts play is to guarantee the optical signal can aim at each other to join, connections of every optic fibre have guarantee (see Fig. 1) on machinery . This medley band is used for regulating the section of the optic fibre of two sections of connections, the contact in the electric connector of this resembling. According to different application occasions, regulating the hoop can be made of different materials, with oxidize zirconium pottery fire, make with plastic note mould with steel products machining. The middle to regulate hoop have one aperture, which grade first than diameter of optic fibre only it will be diameter. Manufacture precision and quality and types of the optic fibre used of regulating the hoop are essential for performance of the optic fibre connector.
Optic fibre subject of connector utilize high public errand guide method need, join two calibration hoop to match optic fibre afford to lead first, then utilize the high accuracy of regulating the hoop to do last adjusting detailedly. There are a variety of optic fibres calibration mechanisms such as the whorl (threads) , the sharp knife (bayonets) , the socket (latches) With pushing and drawing the sleeve (push-pull sleeves) ,Can be used, the connection during their each applicable different kinds of optic fibres, so as to ensure the precision that the surface cooperates, so when the optic fibre joined is a certain special form, we should consider using different optic fibres calibration mechanisms.
If the radian of the optic fibre cable is below its minimum crooked radius allowed (1~3 inches, the minimum crooked radius of optical cable of different types has nothing in common with each other) ,On the wall where the light transmitting will radiate the optic fibre, the signal degradates or cuts off. Protect set and specially design the excessive distortion of the optic fibre of using preventing from with optical cable of the optic fibre connector, its minimum crooked radius is greater than the critical value in the optical cable so as to ensure to be matched with the connectoring.
Introduce several kinds of optic fibres connectors
SMA optic fibre connector takes the lead in according with the standard optic fibre connector, in medical science, industry and military affairs employ, SMA connector is still popular so far. The mechanical size of this connector stems from the radio frequency of the Model SMA (RF) The connector, this is that a diameter is 0.312 inches, six angle screws at coupling ring. SMA connector often used for joining the low public errand, having many kinds of diameters and many moulds optic fibres made of plastics, its optic fibre calibration hoop can select stainless steel, pottery or plastics for use to make.
ST (a brand of the bright fast company) The optic fibre connector is applied to the data network extensively, may be that the most common optical cable use the optic fibre connector. This connector has used the sharp knife type interface, is similar to the common sharp knife - nuclear coupling (BNC) Type interface, but diameter of connector probably than diameter (0.38 inches) of BNC type Small 1/3. ST optic fibre connector characteristic on the physical structure can guarantee the aline more accurately of optic fibre of two connections, and can prevent the optic fibre from rotating while cooperating.
FC optic fibre connector uses the spiral ring of coupling to join, is similar to SMA connector, there is a long and thin calibration hoop positioner. The size of FC optic fibre connector is similar to ST connector, it is more reliable to join, the difficult disconnection when receiving greater pulling force or tension.
Connector that cooperate different with spiral ring with three that introduce above, SC connector adopt, push away - the drawing type connects the way of cooperating with. 0.35 x 0.29 inches of rectangle connector adopts frictional force / fixed way of the brake. As join space to be very little, optic fibre figure, and at the a lot of, SC design of connector allow fast, join optic fibre conveniently.
LX.5 is a kind of very strong little appearance (SFF) Optic fibre connector, specially design the need live that is used for meeting industry of cable TV. Because there is much source of goods of this kind of connector, use for communication trade extensively, the amount of production is very large, so for the application of spaceflight and a lot of special trades, performance / price its than very ideal. There are integrated protective dust covers on LX.5 connector plug and socket both sides, and a special-purpose stress releases and protects set and lock catch mechanism. The whole pair of work communication capacity of LX.5 connector is very similar to the Model SC connector.
Similar to Model SC connector, Model LC connector one bayonet connector, have whom one spring of RJ-45 type emerge keep strength little and protruding. The size of the Model LC connector is 0.179 x 0.179 inches, square type, the panel needed is installed half that the area is about the Model SC connectors. Model LC connectors and Model SC connectors are both all duplexing connectors.
MT-RJ type is a kind of connector which upgrades the type, its outer cover and mechanism of locking are similar to RJ style, and the volume size is similar to the LC type, the standard size MT-RJ type can join two optic fibres at the same time, the effective density has doubled.
Optic fibre and fixed method finally of connector
Like circuit connector, the optic fibre cable can be fixed finally by many kinds of methods and connectors too. Three kinds of most frequently used fixed methods are: It adopt the way of binding conglutination of pharmaceutical, it last epoxy resin conglutination method, or adopt have glue put forth effort at adoption (press) Method. At the working site, it costs more wealth and manpower fixedly fixedly when being made than circuit connector and cable finally to make optic fibre and connector. Its reason is in many aspects, include the fragile and meticulous essence of optic fibre and need to adjust the combination surface of the optic fibre within the connector very accurately, could make a reservation accurately, so as to ensure to connect performance of the optic fibre.
Other connector of type and optic fibre fixed method can consult concrete fixed methods spent, core of optic fibre and conglutination of connector finally. Each kind of connector can adopt conglutination or press the method so as to ensure the connector can hold protection set which puts the optic fibre. Adopt conglutination connector of method use ring oxygen or heat melt resin come, fix, protect line in the box in connector optic fibre. Conglutination fixed method use frictional force block in to protect line in the box connector optic fibre effectively finally. The connector which adopts the conglutination method can usually offer top performance, it is not that a conglutination fixed method finally is more convenient, the cost is lower too, usually used in the scene maintenance occasion.
No matter what method does it adopt, optic fibre with connector finally fixed to handle course want red naked optic fibre and regulate hoop polish the polishing first usually, it will could finish being fixed to confirm the final length of the optic fibre according to best position and performance. It joins the attachment to really need more tool help to finish the optic fibre, and it is much simpler to finish the circuit and join the tool with corresponding attachment. Of adopting the binder the fixed method generally needs heating furnace finally. The connector of different types needs different specific purpose tools to be used for peeling off the optical cable cover, cut off and the polishing optic fibre. Making the fixed craft tool of final optic fibre for these daily connectors can be bought from retail trader.
Performance
The performance evaluation index of the optic fibre connector is similar to circuit connector, and very easy measurement. Insert, loss or decay, insert between the 2dB in 0.2 generally, return, loss or reflect and is smaller than generally - 40dB. The connection needs to carry on the measurement of performance to usually finish once, the quality of performance relates to join each link operated after connecting.
The performance of the optical circuit depends on the connection quality of optical cable and connector. The optic fibre cable can only convey information. The optical cable one " The capacity " Usually increase with decrease of the diameter of the optical cable. Optic fibre (cable) minimum in diameter ,I.e. single mould optic fibre, can offer wider frequency bandwidth for signal. And many mould optic fibre, diameter its single mould six to octuple of optic fibre, the bandwidth that can be offered is a bit lighter instead. In the high speed is employed, the optic fibre of many moulds may offer all essential frequency bandwidth finally, and because the many moulds optic fibre is apter to finish with the connector fixed finally, so it will also surpass the optic fibre of single mould finally.
A lot of design characteristics are unable to be seen with the naked eye, but the choice, condition of shaping and public errand of manufacture of the material play an important role in performance and dependability. Develop the good relation with the first class connector manufacturers, can guarantee to receive the high-quality products, solve the project with special requirement and employ the problem together together with them, keep up with the paces of the terminals technical development.